Taxable Income is the total income which are taxable in the tax return. It's the $100,000 per image below.
Amount payable is the either 25% or 30% of the taxable income of a company entity for FY 2023-24 fiscal year. If the company is a base rate entity, then it will be 25%, otherwise if will be 30%.
Example: If the taxable income is $100,000 then the Amount Payable to ATO is $25,000 ($100,000 x 25%)
ATO related Link-Company Tax Rates: https://www.ato.gov.au/tax-rates-and-codes/company-tax-rates/tax-rates-2023-24